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Omar M. Yaghi

9 February 1965 – present

Omar M. Yaghi is a Jordanian-American chemist known for developing reticular chemistry and the porous crystalline materi...

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Omar Sharif

10 April 1932 – 10 July 2015

Omar Sharif was an Egyptian actor who began his career in Egyptian cinema in the 1950s and became internationally known...

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Oprah Winfrey

29 January 1954 – present

American talk show host, producer and philanthropist whose syndicated show ran for 25 years and made her one of the most...

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Orhan Pamuk

7 June 1952 – present

Orhan Pamuk is a Turkish novelist whose books, including My Name Is Red, Snow and The Museum of Innocence, explore memor...

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Orson Welles

6 May 1915 – 10 October 1985

Orson Welles was an American director, actor, writer, and producer who worked in theatre, radio, and film. He is best kn...

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Orville Wright

19 August 1871 – 30 January 1948

American aviation pioneer who, with his brother Wilbur, achieved the first sustained powered flight of a heavier-than-ai...

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Osamu Tezuka

3 November 1928 – 9 February 1989

Osamu Tezuka was a Japanese manga artist, animator and physician whose prolific output shaped the modern forms of manga...

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Óscar Arias

13 September 1940 – present

Óscar Arias Sánchez (born 1940) is a Costa Rican politician who served two terms as President of Costa Rica, from 1986 t...

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Oscar Niemeyer

15 December 1907 – 5 December 2012

Oscar Niemeyer was a Brazilian architect considered one of the key figures in the development of modern architecture. Re...

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Óscar Romero

15 August 1917 – 24 March 1980

Óscar Arnulfo Romero was a prelate of the Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of San Salvador from 1977 to 1980. He...

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Oscar Wilde

16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900

Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) was an Irish poet, playwright and wit, celebrated for works including The Picture of Dorian Gray...

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Osei Tutu

c. 1660 – c. 1717

Osei Kofi Tutu I was the founder and first Asantehene (king) of the Asante Empire in present-day Ghana. With his adviser...

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Osman I

c. 1254 – c. 1324

Osman I (c. 1254 - c. 1324) was a Turkoman tribal leader and the founder of the Ottoman dynasty, which grew into the Ott...

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Otto Hahn

8 March 1879 – 28 July 1968

Otto Hahn (1879-1968) was a German chemist and pioneer of radiochemistry who discovered nuclear fission of uranium with...

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Otto von Bismarck

1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898

Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) was a Prussian statesman who masterminded the unification of Germany and served as the fir...

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Otto von Guericke

20 November 1602 – 11 May 1686

Otto von Guericke was a German scientist, inventor, and politician who served for decades as mayor of Magdeburg. He inve...

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Ousmane Sembène

1 January 1923 – 9 June 2007

Ousmane Sembène was a Senegalese film director, producer, and writer often called the 'father of African cinema.' Largel...

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Pablo Casals

29 December 1876 – 22 October 1973

Pablo Casals was a Catalan-Spanish cellist, conductor, and composer widely regarded as one of the greatest cellists of a...

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Pablo Neruda

12 July 1904 – 23 September 1973

Pablo Neruda was the pen name of Chilean poet and diplomat Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto, one of the most influ...

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Pablo Picasso

25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973

Spanish painter and sculptor, co-founder of Cubism and one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, with a c...

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Pachacuti

c. 1418 – c. 1471

Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui (died c. 1471) was the ninth Sapa Inca of Cusco and the ruler who transformed the Kingdom of Cus...

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Paracelsus

c. 1493 – 24 September 1541

Paracelsus (c. 1493-1541), born Theophrastus von Hohenheim, was a Swiss physician, alchemist, and natural philosopher of...

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Park Chan-wook

23 August 1963 – present

Park Chan-wook is a South Korean film director, screenwriter and producer. He studied philosophy at Sogang University be...

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Park Chung Hee

14 November 1917 – 26 October 1979

Park Chung Hee was a South Korean army officer and politician who took power in a military coup in May 1961 and served a...

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Patrice Lumumba

2 July 1925 – 17 January 1961

Patrice Lumumba was a Congolese politician and independence leader who served as the first prime minister of the Democra...

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Patrice Motsepe

28 January 1962 – present

Patrice Motsepe is a South African businessman and lawyer who founded African Rainbow Minerals. Trained as a mining lawy...

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Paul Cézanne

19 January 1839 – 22 October 1906

Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) was a French Post-Impressionist painter whose analytical approach to form and colour laid the f...

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Paul Dirac

8 August 1902 – 20 October 1984

Paul Dirac was an English theoretical physicist and one of the founders of quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics...

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Paul Erdős

26 March 1913 – 20 September 1996

Paul Erdős was a Hungarian mathematician and one of the most prolific mathematicians of the 20th century, publishing aro...

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Paul Gauguin

7 June 1848 – 8 May 1903

Paul Gauguin (1848-1903) was a French Post-Impressionist painter, sculptor, and printmaker whose bold colour and Symboli...

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Paul Kagame

23 October 1957 – present

Paul Kagame is a Rwandan politician and former military officer who has served as President of Rwanda since 2000. He gre...

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Paul Klee

18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940

Paul Klee was a Swiss-German artist whose highly individual style was influenced by expressionism, cubism, and surrealis...

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Paul McCartney

18 June 1942 – present

Paul McCartney is an English singer, songwriter, and musician who gained worldwide fame as bassist and co-lead vocalist...

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Paul Nurse

25 January 1949 – present

Sir Paul Nurse is a British geneticist and cell biologist who identified the genes that control the cell cycle, work for...

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Paul Rand

15 August 1914 – 26 November 1996

Paul Rand was an American graphic designer and art director best known for his corporate logo designs. He created enduri...

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Paulo Freire

19 September 1921 – 2 May 1997

Paulo Freire was a Brazilian educator and philosopher of education whose adult-literacy work in north-eastern Brazil gre...

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Pedro Álvares Cabral

c. 1467 – c. 1520

Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467-c. 1520) was a Portuguese nobleman and navigator who commanded the first expedition to rea...

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Pedro II of Brazil

2 December 1825 – 5 December 1891

Pedro II was the second and last emperor of Brazil, reigning for more than fifty-eight years from 1831 to 1889. A schola...

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Pelé

23 October 1940 – 29 December 2022

Brazilian footballer, the only player to win three FIFA World Cups, and for decades the sport's most famous face.

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Percy Julian

11 April 1899 – 19 April 1975

Percy Lavon Julian was an American chemist who pioneered the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants, includin...

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Periyar E. V. Ramasamy

17 September 1879 – 24 December 1973

E. V. Ramasamy, known as Periyar, was an Indian social activist and politician who founded the Self-Respect Movement and...

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Peter Abelard

1079 – 21 April 1142

Peter Abelard (1079-1142) was a French philosopher, theologian, and logician, one of the most influential thinkers of th...

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Peter Higgs

29 May 1929 – 8 April 2024

Peter Higgs (1929-2024) was a British theoretical physicist who in 1964 proposed the mechanism by which elementary parti...

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Peter Medawar

28 February 1915 – 2 October 1987

Sir Peter Brian Medawar was a British biologist regarded as the father of transplantation immunology. He shared the 1960...

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Peter Paul Rubens

28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640

Peter Paul Rubens was a Flemish artist and diplomat, the most influential painter of the Flemish Baroque tradition. From...

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Peter the Great

9 June 1672 – 8 February 1725

Peter I (1672-1725), known as Peter the Great, was Tsar and later the first Emperor of Russia, ruling from 1682 until hi...

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Petrarch

20 July 1304 – 19 July 1374

Francesco Petrarca, known in English as Petrarch, was an Italian scholar and poet of the early Renaissance, often called...

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Philip Glass

31 January 1937 – present

Philip Glass is an American composer whose repetitive, additive musical language became one of the defining styles of la...

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