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Ernest Rutherford

30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937

New Zealand-born physicist known as the father of nuclear physics, who discovered the atomic nucleus and achieved the fi...

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Ernst Chain

19 June 1906 – 12 August 1979

Sir Ernst Boris Chain was a German-born British biochemist who, with Howard Florey, isolated and purified penicillin and...

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Erwin Schrödinger

12 August 1887 – 4 January 1961

Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961) was an Austrian theoretical physicist who developed wave mechanics, one of the foundationa...

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Estée Lauder

1 July 1908 – 24 April 2004

Estée Lauder was an American businesswoman who co-founded the cosmetics company that bears her name. Born Josephine Esth...

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Etel Adnan

24 February 1925 – 14 November 2021

Etel Adnan was a Lebanese-American poet, essayist and visual artist who wrote in French, English and Arabic. Her 1978 no...

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Eugène Delacroix

26 April 1798 – 13 August 1863

Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863) was a French painter regarded as the leader of the French Romantic school. Known for his ex...

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Eugene V. Debs

5 November 1855 – 20 October 1926

Eugene V. Debs was an American labor leader and socialist who helped found the American Railway Union and the Industrial...

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Eva Perón

7 May 1919 – 26 July 1952

Eva Perón was an Argentine actress and political figure who served as First Lady of Argentina as the wife of President J...

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Evangelista Torricelli

15 October 1608 – 25 October 1647

Evangelista Torricelli was an Italian physicist and mathematician, a student of Galileo, who invented the mercury barome...

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Évariste Galois

25 October 1811 – 31 May 1832

Évariste Galois (1811-1832) was a French mathematician who, while still a teenager, determined the conditions under whic...

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Evliya Çelebi

25 March 1611 – c. 1682

Evliya Çelebi (1611-c. 1682) was an Ottoman explorer and writer who travelled through the Ottoman Empire and neighboring...

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Evo Morales

26 October 1959 – present

Evo Morales is a Bolivian politician and former coca growers' union leader who served as President of Bolivia from 2006...

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Ewuare the Great

c. 1400 – c. 1473

Ewuare the Great (reigned c. 1440 - c. 1473) was Oba of Benin and is regarded as the founder of the Benin Empire's imper...

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F. Scott Fitzgerald

24 September 1896 – 21 December 1940

F. Scott Fitzgerald was an American novelist and short-story writer widely regarded as a defining chronicler of the Jazz...

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F. W. de Klerk

18 March 1936 – 11 November 2021

F. W. de Klerk was a South African politician who served as State President from 1989 to 1994 and as a deputy president...

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Fadi Ghandour

1959 – present

Fadi Ghandour is a Jordanian-Lebanese entrepreneur who co-founded the logistics company Aramex in Amman in 1982 and serv...

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Fairuz

21 November 1935 – present

Fairuz is a Lebanese singer regarded as one of the most celebrated and influential Arab vocalists of all time. In collab...

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Faisal of Saudi Arabia

14 April 1906 – 25 March 1975

Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 until his assassination in 1975. A son of the kingdom's...

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Faith Ringgold

8 October 1930 – 13 April 2024

Faith Ringgold was an American painter, author, and mixed-media artist best known for her narrative story quilts explori...

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Faiz Ahmed Faiz

13 February 1911 – 20 November 1984

Faiz Ahmed Faiz was a Pakistani poet and one of the most celebrated writers of Urdu literature. A prominent member of th...

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Fannie Lou Hamer

6 October 1917 – 14 March 1977

Fannie Lou Hamer was an American voting rights activist and civil rights leader who became a powerful voice for the dise...

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Fanny Blankers-Koen

26 April 1918 – 25 January 2004

Fanny Blankers-Koen was a Dutch track and field athlete who won four gold medals at the 1948 London Olympics, in the 100...

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Farouk El-Baz

2 January 1938 – present

Farouk El-Baz is an Egyptian-American space scientist and geologist who helped select the landing sites for NASA's Apoll...

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Faten Hamama

27 May 1931 – 17 January 2015

Faten Hamama was an Egyptian film and television actress and producer whose career spanned more than six decades. She ap...

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Fazlur Rahman Khan

3 April 1929 – 27 March 1982

Fazlur Rahman Khan was a Bangladeshi-American structural engineer and architect who pioneered structural systems for sky...

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Federico Fellini

20 January 1920 – 31 October 1993

Federico Fellini was an Italian film director and screenwriter known for his distinctive, dreamlike, and flamboyant styl...

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Federico García Lorca

5 June 1898 – 19 August 1936

Federico García Lorca was a Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director, one of the most important Spanish writers of...

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Fela Kuti

15 October 1938 – 2 August 1997

Fela Kuti was a Nigerian multi-instrumentalist, bandleader, and political activist who pioneered the Afrobeat genre, fus...

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Félix Houphouët-Boigny

18 October 1905 – 7 December 1993

Félix Houphouët-Boigny was an Ivorian physician, planter and politician who served as the first President of Ivory Coast...

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Felix Mendelssohn

3 February 1809 – 4 November 1847

Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847) was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the early Romantic period. A child prodig...

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Ferdinand Magellan

c. 1480 – 27 April 1521

Portuguese explorer in Spanish service who organized the expedition that achieved the first circumnavigation of the Eart...

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Ferdinand Marcos

11 September 1917 – 28 September 1989

Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as President of the Philippines from 1...

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Ferenc Puskás

1 April 1927 – 17 November 2006

Ferenc Puskás was a Hungarian footballer and manager who played as a forward for Budapest Honvéd, Real Madrid and the Hu...

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Ferruccio Lamborghini

28 April 1916 – 20 February 1993

Ferruccio Lamborghini was an Italian industrialist who built a manufacturing business around agricultural tractors, heat...

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Feza Gürsey

7 April 1921 – 13 April 1992

Feza Gürsey was a Turkish mathematician and physicist known for his work on symmetry principles in particle physics. Aft...

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Fibonacci

c. 1170 – c. 1250

Fibonacci (c. 1170-c. 1250), also known as Leonardo of Pisa, was an Italian mathematician considered the most talented W...

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Fidel Castro

13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016

Fidel Castro was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who led the Cuban Revolution and governed Cuba as prime minister a...

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Filippo Brunelleschi

1377 – 15 April 1446

Florentine architect and engineer, a founding figure of Renaissance architecture best known for the dome of Florence Cat...

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Florence Nightingale

12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910

English social reformer and statistician who founded modern nursing after organizing care for wounded soldiers in the Cr...

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Forough Farrokhzad

29 December 1934 – 13 February 1967

Forough Farrokhzad was an Iranian poet and film director whose collections, among them Another Birth, broke with classic...

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Frances Perkins

10 April 1880 – 14 May 1965

Frances Perkins was an American workers'-rights advocate who served as U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, becomi...

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Francis Allotey

9 August 1932 – 2 November 2017

Francis Allotey was a Ghanaian mathematical physicist known for work on soft X-ray spectroscopy, where the calculation o...

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Francis Bacon

22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626

English philosopher, statesman, and Lord Chancellor, considered the father of empiricism for championing observation and...

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Francis Crick

8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004

Francis Harry Compton Crick was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist who co-discovered the do...

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Francis Drake

c. 1540 – 28 January 1596

Sir Francis Drake (c. 1540-1596) was an English sea captain, privateer, and naval officer who carried out the second cir...

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Francis Ford Coppola

7 April 1939 – present

Francis Ford Coppola is an American film director, producer and screenwriter associated with the New Hollywood movement....

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Francis of Assisi

c. 1181 – 3 October 1226

Francis of Assisi (c. 1181-1226) was an Italian Catholic friar and mystic who founded the Franciscan order after renounc...

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Francisco Goya

30 March 1746 – 16 April 1828

Francisco Goya (1746-1828) was a Spanish painter and printmaker, court artist to the Spanish crown and often called the...

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