John Bardeen
23 May 1908 – 30 January 1991
John Bardeen (1908-1991) was an American physicist and the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: in 1956 for the invention of the transistor with Walter Brattain and William Shockley, and in 1972 for the BCS theory of superconductivity with Leon Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer. His work at Bell Labs and later at the University of Illinois laid foundations for modern electronics and condensed-matter physics.
Lived at the same time
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- Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1905–1993) Overlapped 83 years →
- Graham Greene (1904–1991) Overlapped 83 years →
Life events
John Bardeen was born the son of Charles Bardeen, the first dean of the University of Wisconsin medical school.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgBardeen completed a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, followed by a master's degree there in 1929.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgBardeen completed his doctorate at Princeton under Eugene Wigner, working on the theory of electrons in metals.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgBardeen married Jane Maxwell, with whom he had three children.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgAfter wartime work at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory, Bardeen joined the solid-state physics group at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgBardeen and Brattain demonstrated the first working transistor at Bell Labs on 23 December 1947, launching the semiconductor era.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgBardeen left Bell Labs for a joint professorship in electrical engineering and physics at Illinois, where he spent the rest of his career.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgBardeen shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for research on semiconductors and the discovery of the transistor effect.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgWith Leon Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer, Bardeen developed the first successful microscopic theory of superconductivity, for which the trio shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgBardeen died of heart disease at Brigham and Women's Hospital at age 82.
Source: en.wikipedia.org