Hafez
c. 1325 – c. 1390
Hafez (Khwaja Shams al-Din Muhammad Hafez-e Shirazi) was a Persian lyric poet whose collected works, the Divan, are considered a pinnacle of Persian literature. His ghazals on love, wine, and the hypocrisy of false piety are still memorized and used for divination in Iran, where his tomb in Shiraz is a major site of pilgrimage.
Lived at the same time
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Life events
Hafez was born in Shiraz in the province of Fars, where he would spend nearly his entire life.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgHafez studied the religious sciences and classical Persian and Arabic literature, knowledge that pervades the dense allusions of his poetry.
According to tradition, he earned the sobriquet 'Hafez' (one who has memorized the Quran) by learning the entire Quran by heart at an early age.
Over his career Hafez composed roughly 500 ghazals, collected after his death into the Divan of Hafez, one of the most beloved books in the Persian language.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgUnder the austere and puritanical rule of Mubariz al-Din Muhammad, taverns were closed and Hafez's fortunes at court declined, a repression he satirized in verse.
Hafez enjoyed the patronage of Shiraz's rulers, most notably Shah Shuja of the Muzaffarid dynasty.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgWhen Shah Shuja deposed his father Mubariz al-Din in 1358, courtly life revived in Shiraz and Hafez returned to prominence.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgHafez died in Shiraz around 1390; his tomb in the Musalla Gardens, later enshrined as the Hafezieh, remains one of Iran's most visited monuments.
Source: en.wikipedia.org