Babur

14 February 1483 – 26 December 1530

Babur (1483-1530) was a Timurid prince from Central Asia who founded the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. A descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan, he ruled Fergana and Kabul before conquering northern India in 1526, and his celebrated autobiography, the Baburnama, is a landmark of Chagatai Turkic literature.

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Lived at the same time

Well-documented people whose lives overlapped with Babur.

Life events

Birth of Babur in Andijan, Fergana Valley
14 February 1483

Babur was born on 14 February 1483 in Andijan, the son of Umar Shaikh Mirza, ruler of Fergana.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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Succeeded his father as ruler of Fergana at age eleven
1494

After Umar Shaikh Mirza's sudden death in 1494, the young Babur inherited the throne of Fergana.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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First capture of Samarkand
1497

In 1497 Babur briefly took Samarkand, the former Timurid capital, but lost both it and Fergana soon afterward.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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Capture of Kabul, establishing a new power base
1504

Driven out of Central Asia by the Uzbeks, Babur seized Kabul in 1504 and ruled it as his kingdom for two decades.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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Marriage to Maham Begum
1506

In 1506 Babur married Maham Begum, who became the mother of his heir Humayun.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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Composition of the Baburnama, his autobiography
c. 1526

Babur wrote his frank and detailed memoirs in Chagatai Turkic over many years, leaving one of the great autobiographies of world literature.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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Victory at the First Battle of Panipat and founding of the Mughal Empire
21 April 1526

On 21 April 1526 Babur defeated Sultan Ibrahim Lodi of Delhi at Panipat, using field artillery to rout a much larger army and establish Mughal rule in India.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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Victory over the Rajput confederacy at the Battle of Khanwa
16 March 1527

On 16 March 1527 Babur defeated Rana Sanga of Mewar at Khanwa, securing his hold on northern India.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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Death of Babur in Agra
26 December 1530

Babur died on 26 December 1530 in Agra and was succeeded by his son Humayun; his remains were later moved to Kabul.

Source: en.wikipedia.org
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